"'Hear O Israel,
the Lord Our God, the Lord is One.'
And you shall love the Lord, your God,
with all your heart, with all your might, with all your soul.
And these words which I command you this day,
shall be upon your heart that you may remember,
do all my commandments
and be holy unto your God."

D'Varim 6:4-9 (Deuteronomy).

Founding Where: Canaan (later called Judea, Palestine, and Israel). When: between 1800 and 1500 B.C.E. By Whom: originally Abraham, modern laws given by Moses probably in the 1200's B.C.E. Important Texts: the Hebrew Bible, containing the Torah, Nebiim, and Ketubim (the Law, the Prophets, the Writings).

Modern Facts Major Divisions: Conservative, Orthodox, Reform. Where Found: primarily in Israel, Europe, and North America. Population: 4.5 million Conservative, 3.8 million Reform, 2 million.